1. 리눅스 필수 개발코드 다운로드
리눅스에서 C/C++ 등 개발툴을 컴파일하기 위한 필수 컴파일러와 유틸리티들을 설치한다.
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get install build-essential
[sudo] password for swift:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
libllvm11
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following additional packages will be installed:
binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu dpkg-dev fakeroot g++
g++-9 gcc gcc-9 libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl
libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan5 libatomic1 libbinutils libc-dev-bin
libc6-dev libcrypt-dev libctf-nobfd0 libctf0 libfakeroot libgcc-9-dev
libitm1 liblsan0 libquadmath0 libstdc++-9-dev libtsan0 libubsan1
linux-libc-dev make manpages-dev
Suggested packages:
binutils-doc debian-keyring g++-multilib g++-9-multilib gcc-9-doc
gcc-multilib autoconf automake libtool flex bison gcc-doc gcc-9-multilib
gcc-9-locales glibc-doc libstdc++-9-doc make-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential dpkg-dev
fakeroot g++ g++-9 gcc gcc-9 libalgorithm-diff-perl
libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan5 libatomic1
libbinutils libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcrypt-dev libctf-nobfd0 libctf0
libfakeroot libgcc-9-dev libitm1 liblsan0 libquadmath0 libstdc++-9-dev
libtsan0 libubsan1 linux-libc-dev make manpages-dev
0 upgraded, 32 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 34.4 MB of archives.
After this operation, 156 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
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Get:3 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libctf-nobfd0 amd64 2.34-6ubuntu1.1 [47.1 kB]
Get:4 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libctf0 amd64 2.34-6ubuntu1.1 [46.6 kB]
Get:5 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu amd64 2.34-6ubuntu1.1 [1,613 kB]
Get:6 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 binutils amd64 2.34-6ubuntu1.1 [3,380 B]
Get:7 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libc-dev-bin amd64 2.31-0ubuntu9.2 [71.8 kB]
Get:8 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 linux-libc-dev amd64 5.4.0-81.91 [1,129 kB]
Get:9 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcrypt-dev amd64 1:4.4.10-10ubuntu4 [104 kB]
Get:10 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libc6-dev amd64 2.31-0ubuntu9.2 [2,520 kB]
Get:11 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libitm1 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [26.2 kB]
Get:12 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libatomic1 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [9,284 B]
Get:13 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libasan5 amd64 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04 [394 kB]
Get:14 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 liblsan0 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [835 kB]
Get:15 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtsan0 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [2,009 kB]
Get:16 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libubsan1 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [784 kB]
Get:17 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libquadmath0 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [146 kB]
Get:18 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgcc-9-dev amd64 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04 [2,360 kB]
Get:19 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gcc-9 amd64 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04 [8,241 kB]
Get:20 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 gcc amd64 4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2 [5,208 B]
Get:21 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libstdc++-9-dev amd64 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04 [1,714 kB]
Get:22 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 g++-9 amd64 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04 [8,405 kB]
Get:23 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 g++ amd64 4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2 [1,604 B]
Get:24 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 make amd64 4.2.1-1.2 [162 kB]
Get:25 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 dpkg-dev all 1.19.7ubuntu3 [679 kB]
Get:26 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 build-essential amd64 12.8ubuntu1.1 [4,664 B]
Get:27 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libfakeroot amd64 1.24-1 [25.7 kB]
Get:28 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 fakeroot amd64 1.24-1 [62.6 kB]
Get:29 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libalgorithm-diff-perl all 1.19.03-2 [46.6 kB]
Get:30 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl amd64 0.04-6 [11.3 kB]
Get:31 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libalgorithm-merge-perl all 0.08-3 [12.0 kB]
Get:32 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 manpages-dev all 5.05-1 [2,266 kB]
Fetched 34.4 MB in 12s (2,900 kB/s)
Extracting templates from packages: 100%
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update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/fakeroot-sysv to provide /usr/bin/fakeroot (fakeroot) in auto mode
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Setting up g++ (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/g++ to provide /usr/bin/c++ (c++) in auto mode
Setting up build-essential (12.8ubuntu1.1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.2) ...
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$ wift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get install build-essential
bash: wift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$: No such file or directory
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$
설치가 완료되면 gcc 컴파일러 실행이 가능하다.
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$ gcc --help
Usage: gcc [options] file...
Options:
-pass-exit-codes Exit with highest error code from a phase.
--help Display this information.
--target-help Display target specific command line options.
--help={common|optimizers|params|target|warnings|[^]{joined|separate|undocumented}}[,...].
Display specific types of command line options.
(Use '-v --help' to display command line options of sub-processes).
--version Display compiler version information.
-dumpspecs Display all of the built in spec strings.
-dumpversion Display the version of the compiler.
-dumpmachine Display the compiler's target processor.
-print-search-dirs Display the directories in the compiler's search path.
-print-libgcc-file-name Display the name of the compiler's companion library.
-print-file-name=<lib> Display the full path to library <lib>.
-print-prog-name=<prog> Display the full path to compiler component <prog>.
-print-multiarch Display the target's normalized GNU triplet, used as
a component in the library path.
-print-multi-directory Display the root directory for versions of libgcc.
-print-multi-lib Display the mapping between command line options and
multiple library search directories.
-print-multi-os-directory Display the relative path to OS libraries.
-print-sysroot Display the target libraries directory.
-print-sysroot-headers-suffix Display the sysroot suffix used to find headers.
-Wa,<options> Pass comma-separated <options> on to the assembler.
-Wp,<options> Pass comma-separated <options> on to the preprocessor.
-Wl,<options> Pass comma-separated <options> on to the linker.
-Xassembler <arg> Pass <arg> on to the assembler.
-Xpreprocessor <arg> Pass <arg> on to the preprocessor.
-Xlinker <arg> Pass <arg> on to the linker.
-save-temps Do not delete intermediate files.
-save-temps=<arg> Do not delete intermediate files.
-no-canonical-prefixes Do not canonicalize paths when building relative
prefixes to other gcc components.
-pipe Use pipes rather than intermediate files.
-time Time the execution of each subprocess.
-specs=<file> Override built-in specs with the contents of <file>.
-std=<standard> Assume that the input sources are for <standard>.
--sysroot=<directory> Use <directory> as the root directory for headers
and libraries.
-B <directory> Add <directory> to the compiler's search paths.
-v Display the programs invoked by the compiler.
-### Like -v but options quoted and commands not executed.
-E Preprocess only; do not compile, assemble or link.
-S Compile only; do not assemble or link.
-c Compile and assemble, but do not link.
-o <file> Place the output into <file>.
-pie Create a dynamically linked position independent
executable.
-shared Create a shared library.
-x <language> Specify the language of the following input files.
Permissible languages include: c c++ assembler none
'none' means revert to the default behavior of
guessing the language based on the file's extension.
Options starting with -g, -f, -m, -O, -W, or --param are automatically
passed on to the various sub-processes invoked by gcc. In order to pass
other options on to these processes the -W<letter> options must be used.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-9/README.Bugs>.
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$
2. VSCode 설치
먼저 microsoft의 GPG설치를 위해 아래와 같이 입력한다.
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get install curl
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
libllvm11
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
curl
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 161 kB of archives.
After this operation, 411 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 curl amd64 7.68.0-1ubuntu2.6 [161 kB]
Fetched 161 kB in 2s (89.6 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package curl.
(Reading database ... 195811 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../curl_7.68.0-1ubuntu2.6_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking curl (7.68.0-1ubuntu2.6) ...
Setting up curl (7.68.0-1ubuntu2.6) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo sh -c 'curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | gpg --dearmor > /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/microsofr.gpg'
[sudo] password for swift:
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 983 100 983 0 0 2109 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 2104
VSCode 다운로드 저장소 추가
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable main"> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscode.list'
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get update
Get:1 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable InRelease [3,959 B]
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease [114 kB]
Get:3 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable/main amd64 Packages [254 kB]
Hit:4 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Get:5 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease [114 kB]
Get:6 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease [101 kB]
Fetched 586 kB in 2s (264 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$
VSCode 를 설치한다.
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get install code
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
libllvm11
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
code
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 78.1 MB of archives.
After this operation, 296 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable/main amd64 code amd64 1.59.0-1628120042 [78.1 MB]
Fetched 78.1 MB in 17s (4,551 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package code.
(Reading database ... 195818 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../code_1.59.0-1628120042_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking code (1.59.0-1628120042) ...
Setting up code (1.59.0-1628120042) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.64ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.36.0-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for shared-mime-info (1.15-1) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.24-1ubuntu3) ...
기존에 추가한 저장소 제거
swift@swift-HP-Pavilion-dv6-Notebook-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscode.list
검색해보면 VSCode 가 설치된 것을 확인할 수 있다.
3. VSCode 환경설정
Ctrl+Shift+X를 누르면 확장 플러그인 설치 검색창이 나타난다.
'korean language' 를 검색하여 한국어 플러그인을 설치한다.
'C/C++'를 검색하여 C/C++ 컴파일러를 설치한다.
Ctrl+Shift+E를 눌러 작업폴더를 선택합니다. 선택후 폴더를 신뢰할 것인지 묻는 화면이 나오면 선택하시면 됩니다.
3. C/C++ 예제코드 컴파일
새로운 파일을 만들고, C/C++ 코드를 아래와 같이 작성한다.
Ctrl+Shift+P 를 눌러서 C/C++ edit configuration(UI)를 선택하면 IntelliSense Configuration이 나타난다.
아래와 같이 설정을 해준다.
- Compiler path :/usr/bin/g++
-Intellisense mode: linux-gcc-x64
설정을 완료하면 .vscode 폴더에 c_cpp_properties.json이 생성된다.
Terminal -> Configuration Tasks 에서 create tasks.json 파일 생성하기를 선택한다. 선택하면 oters를 선택하고 tasks.json이 생성되는데 파일내용을 무시하고 아래와 같이 수정해준다.
{
"version": "2.0.0",
"runner": "terminal",
"type": "shell",
"echoCommand": true,
"presentation" : { "reveal": "always" },
"tasks": [
// C++ 컴파일 (C는 아래쪽에서 설정)
{
"label": "save and compile for C++",
"command": "g++",
"args": [
"${file}",
"-o",
"-g",
"${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}"
],
"group": "build",
// 컴파일 시 에러를 편집기에 반영
//참고: https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/tasks#_defining-a-problem-matcher
"problemMatcher": {
"fileLocation": [
"relative",
"${workspaceRoot}"
],
"pattern": {
// The regular expression.
//Example to match: helloWorld.c:5:3: warning: implicit declaration of function 'prinft'
"regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning error):\\s+(.*)$",
"file": 1,
"line": 2,
"column": 3,
"severity": 4,
"message": 5
}
}
},
// C 컴파일
{
"label": "save and compile for C",
"command": "gcc",
"args": [
"${file}",
"-o",
"-g",
"${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}"
],
"group": "build",
//컴파일 시 에러를 편집기에 반영
//참고: https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/tasks#_defining-a-problem-matcher
"problemMatcher": {
"fileLocation": [
"relative",
"${workspaceRoot}"
],
"pattern": {
// The regular expression.
//Example to match: helloWorld.c:5:3: warning: implicit declaration of function 'prinft'
"regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning error):\\s+(.*)$",
"file": 1,
"line": 2,
"column": 3,
"severity": 4,
"message": 5
}
}
},
// 바이너리 실행(Ubuntu)
{
"label": "execute",
"command": "cd ${fileDirname} &&./${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
"group": "test"
}
]
}
빌드하려는 코드를 선택하고 Terminal -> Run Task를 선택한다.
그러면 tasks.json에서 미리 선언된 C, C++, excute의 명령어가 나타나는데 C++ 코드를 빌드하려면 save and Compiler for C++을 선택하면 코드가 빌드가 된다.
hello.out파일이 생성된 것을 확인할 수 있다.
파일을 실행하려면 다시 Run Task에서 excute를 실해하면 결과를 확인할 수 있다.
5. C/C++ 샘플코드 디버깅
F5를 눌러서 디버깅시 C++(gdb/lldb)를 선택하고 그 뒤 이어 나오는 컴파일러는 /usr/bin/g++을 선택한다.
실행결과 아래와 같은 launch.json 파일이 생성된다. 여기에는 excute로 파일 실행시 gdb를 이용해서 디버깅 가능하도록 필요한 변수들을 설정해 놓았다.
그리고 툴이 실행되면서 break point를 잡은 곳에서 멈춰 디버깅이 가능한 상태가 된다.
https://swiftcam.tistory.com/388
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